Module Stdlib.Weak

Contents

Instructions: Use this module in your project

In the IDE (CLion, Visual Studio Code, Xcode, etc.) you use for your DkSDK project:

  1. Add the following to your project's dependencies/CMakeLists.txt:

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    DkSDKProject_DeclareAvailable(ocaml
        CONSTRAINT "= 4.14.0"
        FINDLIBS str unix runtime_events threads dynlink)
    DkSDKProject_MakeAvailable(ocaml)
  2. Add the Findlib::ocaml library to any desired targets in src/*/CMakeLists.txt:

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    target_link_libraries(YourPackage_YourLibraryName
         # ... existing libraries, if any ...
         Findlib::ocaml)
  3. Click your IDE's Build button

Not using DkSDK?

FIRST, do one or all of the following:

  1. Run:

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    opam install ocaml.4.14.0
  2. Edit your dune-project and add:

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    (package
      (name YourExistingPackage)
      (depends
      ; ... existing dependenices ...
      (ocaml (>= 4.14.0))))

    Then run:

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    dune build *.opam # if this fails, run: dune build
  3. Edit your <package>.opam file and add:

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    depends: [
      # ... existing dependencies ...
      "ocaml" {>= "4.14.0"}
    ]

    Then run:

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    opam install . --deps-only

FINALLY, add the library to any desired (library)and/or (executable) targets in your **/dune files:

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(library
  (name YourLibrary)
  ; ... existing library options ...
  (libraries
    ; ... existing libraries ...
    ))

(executable
  (name YourExecutable)
  ; ... existing executable options ...
  (libraries
    ; ... existing libraries ...
    ))

Low-level functions

type ``!'a t

The type of arrays of weak pointers (weak arrays). A weak pointer is a value that the garbage collector may erase whenever the value is not used any more (through normal pointers) by the program. Note that finalisation functions are run before the weak pointers are erased, because the finalisation functions can make values alive again (before 4.03 the finalisation functions were run after).

A weak pointer is said to be full if it points to a value, empty if the value was erased by the GC.

Notes:

  • Integers are not allocated and cannot be stored in weak arrays.
  • Weak arrays cannot be marshaled using Stdlib.output_value nor the functions of the Marshal module.
valcreate : ``int-> 'a t

Weak.create n returns a new weak array of length n. All the pointers are initially empty.

vallength :'a t -> int

Weak.length ar returns the length (number of elements) of ar.

valset :'a t ->``int-> 'aoption``-> unit

Weak.set ar n (Some el) sets the nth cell of ar to be a (full) pointer to el; Weak.set ar n None sets the nth cell of ar to empty.

  • raises Invalid_argument

    if n is not in the range 0 to Weak.length a - 1.

valget :'a t ->``int-> 'a option

Weak.get ar n returns None if the nth cell of ar is empty, Some x (where x is the value) if it is full.

  • raises Invalid_argument

    if n is not in the range 0 to Weak.length a - 1.

valget_copy :'a t ->``int-> 'a option

Weak.get_copy ar n returns None if the nth cell of ar is empty, Some x (where x is a (shallow) copy of the value) if it is full. In addition to pitfalls with mutable values, the interesting difference with get is that get_copy does not prevent the incremental GC from erasing the value in its current cycle (get may delay the erasure to the next GC cycle).

  • raises Invalid_argument

    if n is not in the range 0 to Weak.length a - 1.

    If the element is a custom block it is not copied.

valcheck :'a t ->``int-> bool

Weak.check ar n returns true if the nth cell of ar is full, false if it is empty. Note that even if Weak.check ar n returns true, a subsequent Weak.get ar n can return None.

valfill :'a t ->``int->``int-> 'aoption``-> unit

Weak.fill ar ofs len el sets to el all pointers of ar from ofs to ofs + len - 1.

  • raises Invalid_argument

    if ofs and len do not designate a valid subarray of a.

valblit :'a t ->``int-> 'a t ->``int->``int-> unit

Weak.blit ar1 off1 ar2 off2 len copies len weak pointers from ar1 (starting at off1) to ar2 (starting at off2). It works correctly even if ar1 and ar2 are the same.

  • raises Invalid_argument

    if off1 and len do not designate a valid subarray of ar1, or if off2 and len do not designate a valid subarray of ar2.

Weak hash sets

A weak hash set is a hashed set of values. Each value may magically disappear from the set when it is not used by the rest of the program any more. This is normally used to share data structures without inducing memory leaks. Weak hash sets are defined on values from a Hashtbl.HashedType module; the equal relation and hash function are taken from that module. We will say that v is an instance of x if equal x v is true.

The equal relation must be able to work on a shallow copy of the values and give the same result as with the values themselves.

module type S=sig...end

The output signature of the functor Weak.Make.

module Make (H:Hashtbl.HashedType) : S with type data=H.t

Functor building an implementation of the weak hash set structure. H.equal can't be the physical equality, since only shallow copies of the elements in the set are given to it.